{"id":23895,"date":"2021-06-01T14:58:54","date_gmt":"2021-06-01T12:58:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meteorage.com\/?post_type=scientifiques&#038;p=23895"},"modified":"2024-07-03T15:56:01","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T13:56:01","slug":"nature-communications-electromagnetic-power-of-lightning-superbolts-from-earth-to-space","status":"publish","type":"scientifiques","link":"https:\/\/www.meteorage.com\/es\/publicaciones\/nature-communications-electromagnetic-power-of-lightning-superbolts-from-earth-to-space\/","title":{"rendered":"European Geosciences Union &#8211; Global ground strike point characteristics in negative downward lightning flashes"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"23895\" class=\"elementor elementor-23895 elementor-23890\" data-elementor-post-type=\"scientifiques\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95e9f7a e-con-full banner-padding e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"95e9f7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5902a2 e-con-full banner-type-detail e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f5902a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5a50f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f5a50f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b8a4e8 banner-content e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5b8a4e8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a08258 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1a08258\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PUBLICACIONES Y NOTAS T\u00c9CNICAS<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45920eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"45920eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"category-items-wrapper\"><div class=\"term-item\">Publicaciones cient\u00edficas<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a704adb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a704adb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Global ground strike point characteristics in negative downward lightning flashes<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc07bcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc07bcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Este estudio ha sido publicado por Copernicus Publications en nombre de la Uni\u00f3n Europea de Geociencias<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fab272 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3fab272\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cfe41d elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-ube-button\" data-id=\"4cfe41d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ube-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"ube-btn btn btn-md btn- btn-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meteorage.com\/publications-et-notes-techniques\/\" id=\"return-link\">\n\t    <span class=\"ube-btn-text\">&lt; retour au listing<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfe4633 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"dfe4633\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d94074b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d94074b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9058c6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d9058c6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e5ac39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0e5ac39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f831d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f831d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"511\" height=\"693\" src=\"https:\/\/www.meteorage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Global-ground-strike-point-characteristics-in-negative.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-23925\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meteorage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Global-ground-strike-point-characteristics-in-negative.png 511w, https:\/\/www.meteorage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Global-ground-strike-point-characteristics-in-negative-221x300.png 221w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 511px) 100vw, 511px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c755742 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c755742\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb38dba e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bb38dba\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dad4495 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dad4495\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Resumen (en ingl\u00e9s)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-094bd18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"094bd18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Information about lightning properties is important\u00a0in order to advance the current understanding of lightning,\u00a0whereby the characteristics of ground strike points\u00a0(GSPs) are in particular helpful to improving the risk estimation\u00a0for lightning protection.<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9de4f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b9de4f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"text-align-justify\">Lightning properties of a total of 1174 negative downward lightning flashes are analyzed.\u00a0<span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">The high-speed video recordings are taken in different\u00a0regions, including Austria, Brazil, South Africa and the\u00a0USA, and are analyzed in terms of flash multiplicity, duration,\u00a0interstroke intervals and ground strike point properties.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">According to our knowledge this is the first simultaneous\u00a0analysis of GSP properties in different regions of the world\u00a0applying a common methodology. Although the results vary\u00a0among the data sets, the analysis reveals that a third of the\u00a0flashes are single-stroke events, while the overall mean number\u00a0of strokes per flash equals 3.67. From the video imagery\u00a0an average of 1.56 GSPs per flash is derived, with about\u00a060% of the multiple-stroke flashes striking the ground in\u00a0more than one place. It follows that a ground contact point\u00a0is struck 2.35 times on average. Multiple-stroke flashes last\u00a0on average 371 ms, whereas the geometric mean (GM) interstroke interval value preceding strokes producing a new\u00a0GSP is about 18% greater than the GM value preceding subsequent\u00a0strokes following a pre-existing lightning channel.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">In addition, a positive correlation between the duration and\u00a0multiplicity of the flash is presented. The characteristics of\u00a0the subset of flashes exhibiting multiple GSPs is further examined.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">It follows that strokes with a stroke order of 2 create\u00a0a new GSP in 60% of the cases, while this percentage\u00a0quickly drops for higher-order strokes. Further, the possibility\u00a0of forming a new lightning channel to ground in terms of\u00a0the number of strokes that conditioned the previous lightning\u00a0channel shows that approximately 88% developed after the\u00a0occurrence of only one stroke. Investigating the time intervals\u00a0in the other 12% of the cases when two or more strokes\u00a0re-used the previous lightning channel showed that the average interstroke time interval preceding a new lightning channel\u00a0is found to be more than twice the time difference between\u00a0strokes that follow the previous lightning channel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2016488 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"2016488\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meteorage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/February-2021-Global-ground-strike-point-characteristics-in-negativedownward-lightning-flashes.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Descargar el estudio Parte 1 (s\u00f3lo en ingl\u00e9s) <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e3d4d elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"44e3d4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meteorage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/February-2021-Global-ground-strike-point-characteristics-in-negative-downwardlightning-flashes-Part-2-Algorithm-validation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Descargar el estudio Parte 2 (s\u00f3lo en ingl\u00e9s) <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1b4726 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c1b4726\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a70f389 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a70f389\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div 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